SOCO INVESTIGATORS' COMPETENCIES: A FRAMEWORK FOR BEST PRACTICES

Abstract

This study investigated the competencies of Scene of the Crime Operatives (SOCO) investigators within the Eastern Police District Forensic Unit (EPDFU) in Metro Manila, Philippines. It developed a framework for best practices in forensic investigation. Recognizing the growing complexity of crime scene investigations and the evolving role of forensic science, this research assesses investigators’ technical capabilities, adherence to protocols, and access to forensic resources and tools. A concurrent mixed-methods design was employed, integrating quantitative data from Individual Performance Evaluation Ratings (IPER) and competency assessments with qualitative insights from semi-structured interviews to explore operational challenges. Findings reveal significant disparities in resource availability, with many investigators lacking access to modern forensic equipment and advanced training. While competencies in basic crime scene procedures were generally adequate, gaps persisted in areas requiring advanced forensic knowledge and inter-agency coordination. The study established a strong correlation between resource adequacy and investigator performance, highlighting the systemic impact of logistical and procedural limitations on evidence handling and crime resolution. This research contributes to the criminology literature by contextualizing global forensic standards within local constraints, offering a practical framework for modernizing forensic operations. It underscores the importance of equipping investigators with both skills and tools to ensure credible, efficient, and timely crime scene investigations—ultimately reinforcing public trust and judicial integrity.

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